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Hanna, Caitlynn T.
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Cooper, David J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-3538
Tino, Christopher J.
Gregory, Daniel D.
Diamond, Charles
Rieser, Michael https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1113-4050
Nicolsky, Dmitry J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9866-1285
Hill, Kenneth https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7856-3749
Iwahana, Go https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4628-1074
Koch, Joshua C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982
Carey, Michael P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3327-8995
Miller, Lance
Lyons, Timothy W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8674-6775
Article History
Received: 17 January 2025
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests: M.R. is employed by Teck Alaska Incorporated, which operates Red Dog Mine in the local study area and provided water quality monitoring data and borehole ground temperature data used in this study. L.M. is employed by NANA Regional Corporation, an Alaska Native regional corporation with land interests in the study area.