Cheng, Yipeng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0946-4525
Gadd, Danni A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-5407
Gieger, Christian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-9554
Monterrubio-Gómez, Karla https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-0074
Zhang, Yufei
Berta, Imrich https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-2031
Stam, Michael J.
Szlachetka, Natalia
Lobzaev, Evgenii https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8570-1011
Wrobel, Nicola
Murphy, Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-7449
Campbell, Archie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-5078
Nangle, Cliff https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5432-1158
Walker, Rosie M.
Fawns-Ritchie, Chloe
Peters, Annette https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6645-0985
Rathmann, Wolfgang
Porteous, David J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-6106
Evans, Kathryn L.
McIntosh, Andrew M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0198-4588
Cannings, Timothy I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2111-4168
Waldenberger, Melanie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-5093
Ganna, Andrea
McCartney, Daniel L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-0360
Vallejos, Catalina A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3638-1960
Marioni, Riccardo E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4430-4260
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Edinburgh and University of Helsinki joint PhD program in Human Genomics
Wellcome Trust (108890/Z/15/Z, 104036/Z/14/Z, 216767/Z/19/Z, 216767/Z/19/Z, 220857/Z/20/Z, 104036/Z/14/Z, 216767/Z/19/Z)
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Helmholtz Zentrum München) Munich Center of Health Sciences (LMUinnovativ) Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care
Alzheimer’s Research UK (ARUK-PG2017B−10, ARUK-PG2017B−10)
C.A.V. is a Chancellor’s Fellow funded by the University of Edinburgh.
Alzheimer’s Society (AS-PG-19b-010)
Article History
Received: 19 November 2021
Accepted: 27 February 2023
First Online: 6 April 2023
Competing interests
: R.E.M. has received a speaker fee from Illumina and is an advisor to the Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation. A.M.M. has previously received speaker fees from Janssen and Illumina and research funding from The Sackler Trust. L.M. has received payment from Illumina for presentations and consultancy. The other authors declare no competing interests.