Sehgal, Raghav https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-1758
Markov, Yaroslav
Qin, Chenxi
Meer, Margarita
Hadley, Courtney
Shadyab, Aladdin H.
Casanova, Ramon
Manson, JoAnn E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-7595
Bhatti, Parveen
Moore, Ann Z.
Crimmins, Eileen M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-5239
Hagg, Sara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-1500
Assimes, Themistocles L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2349-0009
Whitsel, Eric A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4843-3641
Higgins-Chen, Albert T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2904-2741
Levine, Morgan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9890-9324
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gruber Foundation (-)
Article History
Received: 21 July 2023
Accepted: 22 May 2025
First Online: 15 September 2025
Competing interests
: The approach and framework for developing system-specific scores described in this paper is the subject of an invention declaration at Yale University and a provisional patent application for which M.E.L, R.S., A.T.H.-C. and M.M. are named as inventors, and Yale University is named as owner. Variations on the system scores have been developed using different input samples, CpGs and clinical biomarkers as well as different feature selection and feature engineering approaches. In the past, M.E.L. was a Scientific Advisor for Elysium Health from July 2019 to October 2021. M.E.L. also holds licenses for epigenetic clocks that she has developed. A.T.H.-C. has received consulting fees from TruDiagnostic and FOXO Biosciences. R.S. is a Scientific Advisor for TruDiagnostic and has received consulting fees from the company as well. R.S. has received consulting fees from the Longevity Tech Fund, the Healthy Longevity Clinic and Cambrian BioPharma unrelated to this publication. M.E.L. is an employee of Altos Labs. The other authors declare no competing interests.