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Authors
Caro, Ilana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-4682
Western, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3725-9553
Namba, Shinichi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-3146
Sun, Na
Kawaguchi, Shuji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4045-6518
He, Yunye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-7826
Fujita, Masashi
Roshchupkin, Gennady
D’Aoust, Tim
Duperron, Marie-Gabrielle
Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-3750
Tsuchida, Ami
Koido, Masaru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-0666
Ahmadi, Marziehsadat
Yang, Chengran https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-5590
Timsina, Jigyasha https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4794-9187
Ibanez, Laura
Matsuda, Koichi
Suzuki, Yutaka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4852-1879
Oda, Yoshiya
Kanai, Akinori
Jandaghi, Pouria
Munter, Markus
Auld, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9486-1105
Astafeva, Iana
Puerta, Raquel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-5893
Rotter, Jerome I. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7191-1723
Psaty, Bruce M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-2190
Bis, Joshua C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-1110
Longstreth, WT Jr
Couffinhal, Thierry
García-González, Pablo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-5403
Pytel, Vanesa
Marquié, Marta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-0950
Cano, Amanda
Boada, Mercè https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-3009
Joliot, Marc https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7792-308X
Lathrop, Mark
Le Grand, Quentin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9299-0747
Launer, Lenore J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-7612
Wardlaw, Joanna M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9812-6642
Heiman, Myriam
Ruiz, Agustin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2633-2495
Matthews, Paul M.
Seshadri, Sudha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-2622
Fornage, Myriam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-8158
Adams, Hieab
Mishra, Aniket
Trégouët, David-Alexandre https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-7800
Okada, Yukinori https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0311-8472
Kellis, Manolis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-9630
De Jager, Philip L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8057-2505
Tzourio, Christophe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6517-2984
Kamatani, Yoichiro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-5597
Matsuda, Fumihiko
Cruchaga, Carlos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0276-2899
Debette, Stéphanie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8675-7968
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Article History
Received: 16 September 2024
Accepted: 3 October 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Competing interests
: C.C. has received research support from GSK and EISAI and is a member of the advisory board of Circular Genomics and owns stocks in this company. C.C. is part of the scientific advisory board for ADmit. B.P. serves on the Steering Committee of the Yale Open Data Project funded by Johnson & Johnson. C.C. is a member of the scientific advisory board of Circular Genomics and owns stocks, and is on the scientific advisory board of ADmit and Alamar. C.C. consults for Sanofi, Novo Nordisk and Owkin. C.C. has received research support from GSK, Danaher and EISAI. P.M.M. has received an honorarium as Chair of the UKRI Medical Research Council Neuroscience and Mental Health Board until March 2024. P.M.M. acknowledges consultancy fees from Biogen, Sudo, Nimbus and GSK. P.M.M. has received speakers’ honoraria from Sanofi and Redburn, and has received research or educational funds from Biogen, Merck, Bristol Myers Squibb and Nimbus. J.M.W. declares no commercial competing interests, is in receipt of various academic research grants and is chief investigator for LACunar Intervention Trials. The authors declare no competing interests with respect to research, authorship and/or publication of this article. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
