Kuo, Pei-Lun
Moore, Ann Zenobia
Tanaka, Toshiko
Belsky, Daniel W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-2212
Lu, Ake Tzu-Hui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2866-7961
Horvath, Steve https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-3589
Bandinelli, Stefania
Ferrucci, Luigi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-1613
Article History
Received: 27 September 2024
Accepted: 6 January 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Competing interests
: The Regents of the University of California is the owner of patent applications directed at epigenetic clocks for which S.H. and A.T.-H.L. are named inventors. S.H. is a founder and paid consultant of the nonprofit Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation that licenses these patents. D.W.B. is an inventor of the DunedinPACE epigenetic clock, a Duke University and University of Otago invention licensed to TruDiagnostic, and he is consulting CSO and SAB chair of BellSant and an SAB member of the Hooke Clinic. The other authors declare no competing interests.