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Authors
Thi Le, Hoa
Thi Bich Phung, Thuy
Thi Bui, Huyen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-068X
Thi Hong Le, Hanh
Tran, Dien Minh
Nguyen, Nhung Hong
Phan, Hung Tuan
Tran, Vu Duy
Vu Pham, Ut
Van Phan, Nha
Thu Do, Huong
Nguyen, Anh Hoa https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4590-4479
Pham, Tung Dinh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-2142
Thi Van Nguyen, Anh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-6910
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Article History
Received: 6 September 2024
Accepted: 11 July 2025
First Online: 7 August 2025
Competing interests
: LiveSpo Navax is produced by LiveSpo Pharma Ltd., for which A.H.N. is the founder and scientific director. A.H.N. provided the study product and contributed to the general scientific discussion. A.T.V.N. serves as scientific consultant for LiveSpo Pharma Ltd. A.T.V.N. and H.T.B. are employees of the Spobiotic Research Center, part of ANABIO R&D Ltd., which funded this study. As part of their employment, they contributed to study design, data analysis, and manuscript preparation. LiveSpo Pharma Ltd. had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, the decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.
