Nurminen, Noora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6798-7677
Fan, Yue-Mei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3241-6225
Kortekangas, Emma
Lin, Jake https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-1663
Hallamaa, Lotta
Maleta, Kenneth
Lehto, Kirsi-Maarit https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-0904
Laitinen, Olli H.
Sinkkonen, Aki
Lempainen, Johanna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9893-1468
Toppari, Jorma https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2228-334X
Veijola, Riitta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-270X
Kurppa, Kalle
Knip, Mikael https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-0033
Ashorn, Ulla
Oikarinen, Sami
Ashorn, Per https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2311-2593
Hyöty, Heikki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0370-4145
Article History
Received: 8 January 2025
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Competing interests
: A.S., H.H., O.H.L., N.N., and S.O. have been named as inventors in a patent application “immunomodulatory compositions” submitted by the University of Helsinki (Patent application number 20165932 at Finnish Patent and Registration Office). R.V. has been a member of the Sanofi Advisory Board since 2023. All other authors declare no competing interests.