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Authors
Nguyen, Hanh Thi Luong
Hoang, Hang Thi
Le, Dung Phuong
Duong, Truong Quoc
Vuong, Ngoc Thi Ho
Truong, Mai Tuyet
Nguyen, Hung Trong
Nguyen, Anh Hoa https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4590-4479
Pham, Tung Dinh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-2142
Nguyen, Anh Thi Van https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-6910
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Article History
Received: 26 July 2025
Accepted: 27 February 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Competing interests
: LiveSpo Preg-Mom and LiveSpo Kids were produced by LiveSpo Pharma Ltd., of which A.H.N. is the founder and scientific director. In this study, A.H.N. provided the study products and contributed only to general scientific discussions, with no involvement in study design, implementation, data collection, or analysis. A.T.V.N. works for ANABIO R&D and serves as a scientific consultant for LiveSpo Pharma Ltd. A.T.V.N. contributed solely to conceptualization, methodology, and manuscript editing, without involvement in trial execution or data handling. D.P.L. is employed by ANABIO R&D and participated only in laboratory analyses on coded samples, ensuring blinding and data integrity. All remaining authors declare no competing interests. LiveSpo Pharma Ltd. had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or manuscript preparation.
