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Authors
Dwyer, Michael G.
Bergsland, Niels
Bartnik, Alexander
Jakimovski, Dejan
Noteboom, Samantha
Schoonheim, Menno M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-6959
Steenwijk, Martijn D.
Pei, Jinglan
Clayton, David
Zivadinov, Robert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-1485
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Article History
Received: 31 March 2025
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 7 July 2026
Competing interests
: M.G.D. has received research grants from Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Mapi Pharma, Merck Serono, Keystone Heart Ltd., Protembis GmbH, and V-Wave Ltd., and consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Serono, and Keystone Heart Ltd. NB serves on the editorial board of Neurology and Journal of Neuroimaging. He has received compensation for serving as a deputy editor for Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. He has received research support from Genentech. A.B. and D.J. have nothing to report. S.N. has received research grants from Atara Biotherapeutics, Merck, and Biogen. M.D.S. has received research grants from Atara Biotherapeutics, Merck, and Biogen. M.M.S. serves on the editorial board of Neurology and Frontiers in Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Journal, receives research support from the Dutch MS Research Foundation, Eurostars-EUREKA, ARSEP, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MAGNIMS, and ZonMW and has served as a consultant for or received research support from EIP Pharma, Atara Biotherapeutics, Biogen, Celgene/Bristol Meyers Squibb, Genzyme, MedDay, and Merck. J.P. and D.C. are employees of Genentech, Inc. R.Z. received personal compensation from Bristol Myers Squibb, EMD Serono, Sanofi, Janssen, Biogen, Filterlex for speaking and consultant fees. He received financial support for research activities from Sanofi, Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Octave, Mapi Pharma, CorEvitas, Protembis, Filterlex and V-WAVE Medical.
