Li, Dongqi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-3441
Zheng, Wenhao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-614X
Ghorbani-Asl, Mahdi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3060-4369
Scheiter, Juliane
Sobczak, Kamil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9747-8144
Kretschmer, Silvan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5098-5763
Polčák, Josef
Jadhao, Pranjali Hirasing
Michałowski, Paweł P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3299-4092
Yu, Ruoling
Zhang, Jiaxu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-2168
Liu, Jinxin
Du, Jingwei
Guo, Quanquan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7064-6290
Zschech, Ehrenfried
Šikola, Tomáš
Bonn, Mischa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6851-8453
Pérez, Nicolás
Nielsch, Kornelius
Krasheninnikov, Arkady V. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-7588
Wang, Hai I. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-3984
Yu, Minghao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0211-0778
Feng, Xinliang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-2703
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR404: 528378584)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC 1415: 417590517)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC 1415: Grant No. 417590517)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (GREENCAP 101091572)
Sächsisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (HYSUCAP 100478697)
European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme
Ministry of Science and Higher Education | Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju (LIDER/8/0055/L-12/20/NCBR/2021)
Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy (CzechNanoLab project LM2023051)
European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme
Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Accepted: 30 November 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.