Momin, Noor https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3145-6089
Pabel, Steffen https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1121-4889
Rudra, Arnab https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1704-5534
Kumowski, Nina
Lee, I-Hsiu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7200-7867
Seung, Hana https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7754-787X
Mentkowski, Kyle I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6623-2096
Bapat, Aneesh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1996-522X
Yamazoe, Masahiro
Stengel, Laura https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8940-3515
Muse, Charlotte G.
Paccalet, Alexandre
Kadyrov, Farid F.
González-Correa, Cristina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0828-6598
Jacobs, Emily https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6158-1488
Feng, Ellie https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4900-4814
Park, Jisoo https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3412-9557
Grune, Jana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6209-7416
Schloss, Maximilian J.
Sossalla, Samuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-2673
Wojtkiewicz, Gregory https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3148-8411
Iwamoto, Yoshiko
McMullen, Patrick
Mitchell, Richard N.
Ellinor, Patrick T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2067-0533
Anderson, Daniel G. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-4798
Naxerova, Kamila https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7744-5110
Nahrendorf, Matthias https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-1887
Hulsmans, Maarten https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1009-658X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (HL155097)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (HL149647)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (T32CA079443)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (HL142494)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (HL139598)
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Foundation
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (530157297)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GR 5261/1-1)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 1470-A04)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SO 1223/4-1)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SO 1223/6-1)
Thoracic Surgery Foundation (GR1001261)
Article History
Received: 27 August 2024
Accepted: 18 March 2026
First Online: 23 April 2026
Competing interests
: S.P. is employed by the Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research. S.S. received speaker fees or honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Novartis, Berlin-Chemie, Daiichi Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Lilly. P.T.E. receives funds or material research support from Bayer AG, IBM Research, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, MyoKardia, and Novartis. M.N. has received funds or material research support from Alnylam, Biotronik, CSL Behring, GlycoMimetics, GSK, Medtronic, Novartis, and Pfizer, as well as consulting fees from Biogen, Gimv, IFM Therapeutics, Molecular Imaging, Sigilon, Verseau Therapeutics, and Bitterroot. N.M., A.R., I.L., M.J.S., D.G.A., K.N, M.N., and M.H. are inventors on US Patent application number PCT/US2024/028950 regarding modulating stromal and immune cells in atrial disease. The other authors declare no competing interests.