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Authors
Maples, Bethanie
Cerit, Merve
Vishwanath, Aditya
Pea, Roy
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University
Stanford University Graduate School of Education
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Article History
Received: 29 April 2024
Accepted: 25 March 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Competing interests
: After data collection and the first submission, B.M. founded Atypical, an education assessment company. There is no financial or intellectual property connection between this research and the company.
