Hao, Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-7984
Deng, Yanling https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7857-5360
Xu, Ke
Liu, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5477-2186
Steenland, Kyle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-4678
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01 AG074357)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01 AG074357)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01 AG074357)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01 AG074357)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 ES034175)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 ES034175)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 ES034175)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 ES034175)
Article History
Received: 27 November 2024
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 11 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.