Zhang, Hao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0840-0995
Duan, Yanghua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-1278
Elimelech, Menachem https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-1563
Wang, Yunkun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2848-3633
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U24A20190)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (22076101)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52370054)
Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (2408085J023)
Article History
Received: 26 February 2025
Accepted: 17 July 2025
First Online: 9 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.