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A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of the relationship between boredom and arousal

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00358-8

Published Online: 2025-11-27

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Stempfer, Lisa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-3738
Stoll, Sarah E. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4930-0277
Fries, Jonathan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3253-5109
Pekrun, Reinhard https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4489-3827
Goetz, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8908-2166
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-27

Version of Record valid from 2025-12-10
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Article History

Received: 3 July 2025

Accepted: 28 October 2025

First Online: 27 November 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.