He, Siyao
Qian, Xin
Wang, Jinping
Shen, Xiaoxia
An, Yali
Zhang, Bo
Chen, Bo
Li, Hui
Chen, Xiaoping
Chen, Yanyan
Wang, Yang
Jin, Chenggang
Gong, Qiuhong
Li, Guangwei
Funding for this research was provided by:
Da Qing First Hospital
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2020-I2M-2-006)
Ministry of Public Health of the People’s Republic of China
World Bank
China-Japan Friendship Hospital
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-WHO Cooperative Agreement (U58/CCU424123-01-02)
US CDC–Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement (5U19GH000636-05)
National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases & Fuwai Hospital
Article History
Received: 25 September 2024
Revised: 5 March 2025
Accepted: 1 April 2025
First Online: 22 April 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.