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Urban cooling and energy-saving effects of nature-based solutions across types and scales

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44284-025-00349-0

Published Online: 2025-11-17

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Wei, Hailu https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9125-9172
Bai, Xiaohang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6949-2299
Lu, Qinhui

Wu, Jiyuan

Su, Fengmin

Hong, Tianzhen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1886-9137
Hu, Qinran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-5718
Wang, Wei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-3173
Quan, Steven Jige https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9841-4823
Luo, Zhixing

Han, Yilong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8818-9674
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-17

Version of Record valid from 2025-11-17
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Article History

Received: 21 March 2025

Accepted: 14 October 2025

First Online: 17 November 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.