Dai, Yahao
Chan, Henry https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-7737
Vriza, Aikaterini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5663-8703
Fan, Jingyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1579-4988
Kim, Fredrick
Wang, Yunfei
Liu, Wei
Shan, Naisong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1476-6539
Xu, Jing
Weires, Max
Wu, Yukun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-8326
Cao, Zhiqiang
Miller, C. Suzanne
Divan, Ralu
Gu, Xiaodan
Zhu, Chenhui
Wang, Sihong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3611-0004
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-21-1-2266)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-21-1-2266)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-23-1-2063)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-23-1-2063)
United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (N00014-23-1-2063)
DOE | Office of Science (DE-AC02-05CH11231)
DOE | Office of Science (DE-AC02-06CH11357)
Article History
Received: 2 March 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.