Wu, Kai-Kai
Xu, Pian-Pian
Zhao, Lei
Ren, Nan-Qi
Zhang, Yi-Feng
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U22A20443, No. 52076063)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U22A20443, No. 52076063)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U22A20443, No. 52076063)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.HIT. OCEF.2023014, No.HIT. OCEF.2021031)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.HIT. OCEF.2023014, No.HIT. OCEF.2021031)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.HIT. OCEF.2023014, No.HIT. OCEF.2021031)
Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Excellent Young Scholars (Grant No. YQ20123C031)
Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Excellent Young Scholars (Grant No. YQ20123C031)
Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Excellent Young Scholars (Grant No. YQ20123C031)
Open Project of Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, CAS (Grant No kf2020009)
Open Project of Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, CAS (Grant No kf2020009)
Open Project of Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, CAS (Grant No kf2020009)
Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program; and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HIT. DZJJ.2023058)
Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program; and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HIT. DZJJ.2023058)
Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program; and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HIT. DZJJ.2023058)
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (2023DX04)
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (2023DX04)
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (2023DX04)
Article History
Received: 10 December 2023
Accepted: 26 January 2024
First Online: 26 March 2024
Change Date: 7 October 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44296-025-00078-4
Competing interests
: Yi-Feng Zhang is an Editorial Board Member of npj Materials Sustainability but is not involved in the peer-review process or decision making for this manuscript. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.