Ali, Danielle W.
Bartlett, Maggie L.
Heger, Christopher D.
Ramirez, Francisco
Johnson, Linwood
Schully, Kevin L.
Laing, Eric D.
Wang, Wei
Weiss, Carol D.
Goguet, Emilie
Broder, Christopher C.
Richard, Stephanie A.
Epsi, Nusrat J.
Agan, Brian
Tribble, David
Simons, Mark P.
Burgess, Timothy H.
Mitre, Edward
Pollett, Simon
Smith, Darci R.
Funding for this research was provided by:
CARES Act
Defense Health Program (HU0012020067, HU0012020067, HU0012020067, HU0012020067, HU0012020067)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HU00011920111, HU00011920111, HU00011920111, HU00011920111, HU00011920111, HU00011920111, HU00011920111)
Article History
Received: 27 June 2024
Accepted: 9 December 2024
First Online: 30 December 2024
Competing interests
: C.H. and F.R. are employees of ProteinSimple, a company that designs and sells protein detection and analysis instruments. Neither C.H. or F.R. were directly involved in the laboratory or statistical analyses presented here. Potential conflicts of interest. S.D.P., T.H.B., D.R.T, and M.P.S. report that the Uniformed Services University (USU) Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a US Department of Defense institution, and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) were funded under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement to conduct an unrelated phase III COVID-19 monoclonal antibody immunoprophylaxis trial sponsored by AstraZeneca. The HJF, in support of the USU IDCRP, was funded by the Department of Defense Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense to augment the conduct of an unrelated phase III vaccine trial sponsored by AstraZeneca. Both of these trials were part of the US Government COVID-19 response. Neither is related to the work presented here.