Muller, Joanne
Idzik, Abigail M.
Benzi, Dylan
Klotzbach, Philip J.
Acosta, Heather Skaza
Chavas, Daniel R.
Urdaneta, Sebastian Aspron
Gray, Charles T.
Morris, Jamie E.
Girimurugan, Senthil B.
Bhatt, Dhruvkumar
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (OCE:2322270)
National Science Foundation (OCE:2322270)
National Science Foundation (OCE:2322270)
Office of Scholarly Innovation and Student Research
G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation
Gallagher Research Centre Global Tropical Cyclone Consortium.
FGCU Whitaker Institute
Article History
Received: 19 December 2025
Accepted: 31 January 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Competing interests
: Author D. Chavas is Associate Editor of Nature Natural Hazards. D. Chavas was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this paper. Other authors have no competing interests to declare.