Hough, Søren H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1628-2554
Jhujh, Satpal S https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5766-659X
Awwad, Samah W
Lewis, Oliver E
Lam, Simon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-0971
Thomas, John C https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2425-8412
Mosler, Thorsten https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-2680
Bader, Aldo
Bartik, Lauren
McKee, Shane
Amudhavalli, Shivarajan
Colin, Estelle
Damseh, Nadirah
Clement, Emma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-6276
Cacheiro, Pilar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-8208
Majumdar, Anirban
Smedley, Damian
Fluss, Joël
Giannini, Rosalinda
Thiffault, Isabelle
Zagnoli Vieira, Guido https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-1056
Belotserkovskaya, Rimma
Smerdon, Stephen J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-8465
Beli, Petra
Galanty, Yaron https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7167-9004
Carnie, Christopher J https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7006-5596
Stewart, Grant S https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-3241
Jackson, Stephen P https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9317-7937
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cancer Research UK (DRCPGM\100005)
Cancer Research UK (C17918/A28870)
Cancer Research UK (C6/A18796)
Cancer Research UK (C17183/A23303)
Cancer Research UK (C17918/A2887)
cambridgeuniversity | Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge (SEBINT-2024/100003)
cambridgeuniversity | Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge (C9545/A29580)
EC | ERC | HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council (855741 (DDREAMM))
Wellcome Trust (206388/Z/17/Z)
Wellcome Trust (227014/Z/23/Z)
Wellcome Trust (WT203144)
Mark Foundation For Cancer Research (ASPIRE II Award)
Weizmann Institute of Science (Postdoctoral Career Development Award)
Israeli Council for Higher Education (Outstanding Postdoctoral Women Fellowship)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KU 563/18-1)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (393547839-SFB 1361)
UKRI | Medical Research Council (UKRI577)
Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Revised: 20 November 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Disclosure and competing interests statement
: SPJ and YG work part-time at Insmed Innovation UK Ltd. SPJ is a founding partner of Ahren Innovation Capital LLP, a co-founder of Mission Therapeutics Ltd, and is a consultant and shareholder of Genome Therapeutics Ltd. The authors declare no other competing interests.