Zhang, Wuji
Allen, E Kaitlynn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3067-751X
Li, Shihan
Tarasova, Ilariya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0895-9385
Farrukee, Rubaiyea
Kedzierski, Lukasz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-1057
Gilbertson, Brad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-0032
McQuilten, Hayley A https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7089-5300
Habel, Jennifer R
Allen, Lilith F https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4197-2573
Rockman, Steven
Londrigan, Sarah L
Kent, Stephen J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8539-4891
Wheatley, Adam K https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5593-9387
Trubiano, Jason A
Kotsimbos, Tom C
Cheng, Allen C
Schroeder, Jan
Crawford, Jeremy Chase https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6048
Thomas, Paul G https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-0256
Kedzierska, Katherine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6141-335X
Nguyen, Thi H O https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9294-7693
Funding for this research was provided by:
DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (2033783)
DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (1194036)
DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (2016491)
DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (2026762)
DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (2012463)
DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (2038242)
Theme-based Research Scheme of the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), China (T11-712/19-N)
HHS | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (1U01AI144616-01)
HHS | National Institutes of Health (HHS-NIH-NIAID-BAA2018)
Article History
Received: 14 December 2025
Revised: 27 January 2026
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Disclosure and competing interests statement
: HAMQ is a consultant for Ena Respiratory Pty. Ltd. KK received honoraria from Pfizer. PGT is on the SAB of Immunoscape and Cytoagents, consulted for JNJ, received travel support/honoraria from Illumina and 10x Genomics, and has patents related to TCR discovery. JCC and PGT have patents related to treating or reducing the severity of viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.