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Authors
Johnson, L. S.
Diederichsen, S. Z.
Svennberg, E.
Bhavnani, S. P.
McIntyre, William F.
Healey, J. S.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation
The Swedish Research Council
The Stockholm County Council
The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
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Article History
Received: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Competing interests
: L.S.J. receives consulting fees from MEDICALgorithmics and has received speaker fees from Pfizer, paid to the institution. S.Z.D. reports Consulting fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Cortrium, Acesion Pharma, and Vital Beats, speaker fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Bayer, AstraZeneca, and travel grants from Abbott and Boston Scientific. E.S. has received institutional remuneration for lectures from Abbott, Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson. JSH has research grants and speaking fees from BMS/Pfizer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Novartis, Medtronic and Servier. WFM reports speaking fees from iRhythm, and consulting fees from Atricure. S.P.B. has received research grants from Scripps Clinic, is a consultant at Cardiex, and is on the advisory board of the Cardiac Science Research Consortium (501(c)(3) organization). He is a Special Government Employee at the United States Food & Drug Administration on advisory committees. These roles do not influence the content of this manuscript. S.P.B. is a Guest Editor at npj Cardiovascular Health . S.P.B. was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.
