Zhang, Meijing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-8597
Cheah, Lynette https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-0331
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education - Singapore (T2-1712)
Article History
Received: 4 June 2024
Accepted: 30 June 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Competing interests
: L.C. is an Editorial Board Member of npj Sustainable Mobility and Transport but not involved in the peer-review process or decision making for this manuscript. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.