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Authors
Deng, Bing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-8410
Eddy, Lucas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8189-0081
Wyss, Kevin M.
Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar
Tour, James M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8479-9328
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Article History
Accepted: 8 November 2024
First Online: 15 January 2025
Competing interests
: Some of the flash Joule heating processes and apparatus are the intellectual property of Rice University. B.D., L.E., K.M.W. and J.M.T. are listed as inventors on some issued patents or patent applications. The intellectual property of flash graphene synthesis has been licensed to Universal Matter Inc. and Universal Matter LLC. MTM Critical Metals and Flash Metals USA Inc. have licensed methods to remove metals from waste and ores. J.M.T. is a stockholder in these licensee companies, but he is not an officer, director or employee in the companies. All conflicts of interest are managed through regular disclosures to and compliance with Rice University’s Office of Sponsored Programs and Research Compliance. K.M.W. is currently an employee of SLB. The authors declare no other competing interests.
