Wang, Xiaowen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4623-1608
Xia, Pengfei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-8826
Wang, Fenglei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3850-2482
Wu, Zhiyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5694-2441
Hu, Yang
Eliassen, A. Heather
Zeleznik, Oana A.
Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N.
Mousavi, Seyed Mohammad
Prentice, Ross L.
Tinker, Lesley F.
Zheng, Cheng
Liu, Simin
Huang, Ying
Navarro, Sandi L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4260-2486
Playdon, Mary C.
Moore, Steven C.
Snetselaar, Linda
Tabung, Fred K.
Manson, JoAnn E.
Qi, Lihong
Raftery, Daniel
Willett, Walter C.
Lampe, Johanna W.
Neuhouser, Marian L.
Sun, Qi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF24SA0092022)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (75N92021D00001, 75N92021D00002, 75N92021D00003, 75N92021D00004, 75N92021D00005)
National Institutes of Health
Article History
Received: 22 April 2025
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 15 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.