Zhang, Chengyao
Huang, Xiaotong
Fang, Vicky J.
Chan, Kwok-Hung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-8249
Leung, Gabriel M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2503-6283
Ip, Dennis K. M.
Peiris, J. S. Malik https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-5995
Cowling, Benjamin J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-7154
Cauchemez, Simon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-4549
Tsang, Tim K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5037-6776
Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 28 January 2026
Competing interests
: B.J.C. reports honoraria from AstraZeneca, Fosun Pharma, GSK, Haleon, Moderna, Pfizer, Roche and Sanofi Pasteur. The other authors declare no competing interests.