Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Black, Kameron C.
Haberkorn, William J.
Ma, Stephen P.
Kiani, Hanna
Bhasin, Aditya
Chen, Jonathan H.
Shah, Nigam H.
Morse, Keith
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 30 September 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 2 February 2026
Competing interests
: Dr. Chen reported being a co-founder of Reaction Explorer LLC that develops and licenses organic chemistry education software. Dr. Chen also reported receiving paid medical expert witness fees from Sutton Pierce, Younker Hyde MacFarlane, Sykes McAllister, Elite Experts as well as consulting fees from ISHI Health. Dr. Chen reported receiving paid honoraria or travel expenses for invited presentations by insitro, General Reinsurance Corporation, Cozeva, and other industry conferences, academic institutions, and health systems. Dr. Shah reported being a cofounder of Prealize Health (a predictive analytics company) as well as Atropos Health (an on-demand evidence generation company) and serving on the Board of the Coalition for Healthcare AI (CHAI), a consensus-building organization providing guidelines for the responsible use of artificial intelligence in health care. Dr. Shah serves as an advisor to Opala, Curai Health, JnJ Innovative Medicines and AbbVie pharmaceuticals. Dr. Morse serves as an advisor to Baxter. No other disclosures were reported.
