Che, Lei
Cao, Jingyu
Peng, Jinqing
Lei, Lei
Li, Ji
Yang, Honglun
Pei, Gang
Funding for this research was provided by:
Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (24B0042)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2025A1515012092)
Furong Plan Youth Talent Program (2025QT-57)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52208105)
Article History
Received: 30 September 2025
Accepted: 4 January 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Competing interests
: Author Ji Li is [Editorial Board Member] of [npj Space Exploration]. Ji Li was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.