Cai, Jun
Li, Youjian
Seyedkanani, Alireza
Lu, Pengxu
Nohair, Bendaoud
Akbarzadeh, Abdolhamid
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (Doctoral awards (B2X))
China Scholarship Council (202108880013)
Research Center for High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems
Canada Research Chairs (Programmable Multifunctional Metamaterials)
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2022-04493)
Canada Foundation for Innovation (John R. Evans Leaders Fund)
Centre de Recherche sur les Systèmes Polymères et Composites à Haute Performance
Article History
Received: 1 January 2026
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.