Smith, James A
Arshad, Zeeshaan
Thomas, Hannah
Carr, Andrew J
Brindley, David A
Article History
First Online: 7 March 2017
Competing interests
: D.A.B. is a stockholder in Translation Ventures Ltd. (Charlbury, UK) and IP Asset Ventures Ltd. and Biolacuna Ltd. (Oxford, UK) and Biolacuna Ltd. (Oxford, UK), companies that among other services provide biomanufacturing, regulatory, and financial advice to pharmaceutical clients. J.A.S. has consulted with IP Asset Ventures Ltd. and Biolacuna Ltd. D.A.B. also is subject to the CFA Institute's codes, standards, and guidelines, so he must stress that this piece is provided for academic interest only and must not be construed in any way as an investment recommendation. Additionally, at time of publication, D.A.B. and the organizations with which he is affiliated may or may not have agreed to and/or pending funding commitments from the organizations named herein.