Preziosa, Paolo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-0019
Storelli, Loredana
Tedone, Nicolò http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2065-9764
Margoni, Monica
Mistri, Damiano
Azzimonti, Matteo
Filippi, Massimo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-0479
Rocca, Maria A. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2358-4320
Article History
Received: 17 July 2023
Revised: 22 January 2024
Accepted: 23 January 2024
First Online: 7 February 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests in relation to this work. Potential conflicts of interest outside the submitted work are as follows: P. Preziosa received speaker honoraria from Roche, Biogen, Novartis, Merck Serono, Bristol Myers Squibb and Genzyme. He has received research support from Italian Ministry of Health and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla. L. Storelli declared the receipt of grants and contracts from FISM-Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla-within a fellowship program (cod. 2019/BR/009). N. Tedone, D. Mistri and M. Azzimonti report no competing interests. M. Margoni reports grants and personal fees from Sanofi Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis and Almiral. M. Filippi is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology, Associate Editor of Human Brain Mapping, Neurological Sciences, and Radiology; received compensation for consulting services from Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi; speaking activities from Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and TEVA; participation in Advisory Boards for Alexion, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Takeda; scientific direction of educational events for Biogen, Merck, Roche, Celgene, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme; he receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, the Italian Ministry of Health, the Italian Ministry of University and Research, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla. M.A. Rocca received consulting fees from Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Roche; and speaker honoraria from AstraZaneca, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Bromatech, Celgene, Genzyme, Horizon Therapeutics Italy, Merck Serono SpA, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi and Teva. She receives research support from the MS Society of Canada, the Italian Ministry of Health, the Italian Ministry of University and Research, and Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla. She is Associate Editor for Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.