Kakaroukas, Andreas
Abrahamse-Berkeveld, Marieke
Hayes, Louise
McNally, Richard J. Q.
Berrington, Janet E.
van Elburg, Ruurd M.
Embleton, Nicholas D.
Article History
Received: 15 January 2022
Revised: 13 September 2022
Accepted: 14 September 2022
First Online: 1 October 2022
Competing interests
: M.A.-B. is an employee of Danone Nutricia Research. R.M.v.E. was an employee of Danone Nutricia Research during conduct of this study. N.D.E. and J.E.B. declare research funding from Danone Early Life Nutrition and Prolacta Biosciences US and lecture honoraria from Nestle Nutrition Institute. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
: The study was reviewed by the North East–York Research Ethics Committee, approved by the NHS Health Research Authority (IRAS project ID: 237542) and registered at ISRCTN (ISRCTN15469594). The procedures followed were in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 as revised in 1983. Consent was sought and obtained according to the standards of ethical research. Parents of eligible infants were approached from the time of birth up to 4 weeks after term equivalent age and given a study leaflet, explained the study and answered questions and approached again at a second stage to answer questions and explore intention for consent.
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