Saros, Lotta http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-0662
Lind, Annika
Setänen, Sirkku
Tertti, Kristiina
Koivuniemi, Ella
Ahtola, Annarilla
Haataja, Leena
Shivappa, Nitin
Hébert, James R.
Vahlberg, Tero
Laitinen, Kirsi
Article History
Received: 21 December 2021
Revised: 8 November 2022
Accepted: 21 December 2022
First Online: 3 January 2023
Competing interests
: Authors declare no conflict of interest. Dr. James R. Hébert owns controlling interest in Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), a company that has licensed the right to his invention of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) from the University of South Carolina in order to develop computer and smart phone applications for patient counseling and dietary intervention in clinical settings. Dr. Nitin Shivappa is an employee of CHI. The subject matter of this paper will not have any direct bearing on that work, nor has that activity exerted any influence on this project.
: Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before participation.