Shibata, Rumiko
Koga, Yasuhiro
Takahashi, Mayuko
Murakami, Youko
Tochio, Takumi
Kadota, Yoshihiro
Article History
Received: 20 September 2022
Revised: 22 January 2023
Accepted: 10 February 2023
First Online: 15 March 2023
Competing interests
: Y. Kadota and M.T. are employees of B Food Science Co. Ltd, which was the producer of the 1-kestose used in this study. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest. There are no conflicts to declare relating to consultancies, patents or products in development, or marketed products with regard to this work.
: This study was designed in adherence with the principles laid out in the Declaration of Helsinki for experiments involving human beings. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the National Hospital Organization Fukuoka National Hospital, and is registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000037227). Written informed consent was obtained from the guardians of all subjects after the subjects and their guardians received an explanation about the study.