George, Daniel J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0836-8542
Agarwal, Neeraj http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1076-0428
Ramaswamy, Krishnan http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0890-0268
Klaassen, Zachary http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7392-8916
Bitting, Rhonda L. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-0551
Russell, David
Sandin, Rickard
Emir, Birol
Yang, Hongbo
Song, Wei
Lin, Yilu
Hong, Agnes
Gao, Wei
Freedland, Stephen J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-6419
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pfizer
Astellas Pharma US
Article History
Received: 21 June 2023
Revised: 19 December 2023
Accepted: 20 February 2024
First Online: 2 April 2024
Competing interests
: DJG reports other from American Association for Cancer Research; grants and personal fees from Astellas Pharma Inc.; personal fees from AstraZeneca; personal fees from Axess Oncology; grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Bayer H/C Pharmaceuticals; grants and personal fees from BMS; grants from Calithera; grants from Capio Biosciences; grants from EMD Serono; grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Exelixis Inc; personal fees from Flatiron; grants and personal fees from Janssen Pharmaceuticals; personal fees from Merck, Sharp & Dohme; personal fees from Michael J Hennessey Assoc; personal fees from Millennium Medical Publishing; personal fees from Myovant Sciences Inc.; personal fees from NCI Genitourinary; grants and personal fees from Novartis; personal fees from Physician Education Resource; personal fees from Propella Therapeutics; grants and personal fees from Pfizer Inc.; personal fees from RevHealth; grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Sanofi; personal fees from Seattle Genetics; personal fees from UroGPO; personal fees and non-financial support from UroToday; personal fees from WebMD; personal fees from Xcures. NA reports no personal conflicts of interest since April 15, 2021; lifetime conflicts of interest include consultancy to Astellas Pharma Inc., Astra Zeneca, Aveo, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Clovis, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Foundation Medicine, Genentech, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, MEI Pharma, Nektar, Novartis, Pfizer Inc., Pharmacyclics, and Seattle Genetics; research funding to institution from Arnivas, Astellas Pharma Inc., Astra Zeneca, Bavarian Nordic, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Calithera, Celldex, Clovis, Crispr, Eisai, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Genentech, Gilead, Glaxo Smith Kline, Immunomedics, Janssen, Lava, Medivation, Merck, Nektar, Neoleukin, New Link Genetics, Novartis, Oric, Pfizer Inc., Prometheus, Rexahn, Roche, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Takeda, and Tracon. KR, DR, and RS own stocks or stock options and are employees of Pfizer Inc., a study sponsor. ZK reports serving on advisory boards for Bayer, Astellas Pharma Inc., Myovant, and Pfizer; consulting to Sesen Bio; and serving on a speakers’ bureau for Lantheus. RLB reports no disclosures. BE is an employee of Pfizer Inc., a study sponsor. HY, WS, and WG are employees of Analysis Group, which was a paid consultant to the sponsors in connection with the development of this manuscript. YL is co-owner of BRAVO4HEALTH LLC. AH is an employee of Pfizer Inc., a study sponsor; was an employee of Astellas Pharma Inc., a study sponsor, at the time of the study; and owns stock in Veru, Revance, and Insmed. SJF reports consulting to Pfizer Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Janssen, Dendreon, Sanofi, Myovant, Merck, AstraZeneca, Clovis, and Bayer. No other disclosures were reported.
: This study was approved by the New England Independent Review Board and conforms to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.