Article History
Received: 11 October 2023
Revised: 19 December 2023
Accepted: 8 January 2024
First Online: 1 March 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Third Hospital Affiliated with the Air Force Medical University (IRB-REV-2022110). All the volunteers whose facial images were collected signed informed consent forms, and the safe use of their data was guaranteed. All methods used in the study were carried out in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of the Institutional Review Board. All the participants whose facial images were collected and/or their legal guardians signed informed consent forms and provided consent for the use of their facial images in online open access publications.