Funding for this research was provided by:
American Cancer Society (MRSG-17-220-01-NEC)
Article History
Received: 9 June 2020
Revised: 6 October 2020
Accepted: 16 October 2020
First Online: 3 November 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: All participants have provided their informed consent to participate. Studies based on UK Biobank were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval and consent were granted by the North West-Haydock NRES multicentre ethics committee, REF: 16NW/0274.
: Approval for the study and permission to access the data was granted by the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 46466 that is open access. Bona fide researchers can access the UK Biobank dataset by registering and applying at ExternalRef removed.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This work was supported by the American Cancer Society (MRSG-17-220-01-NEC to M.S.) and the U.S. National Institutes of Health (R00 CA215314 to M.S.). The UK Biobank was primarily funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council. Other areas of funding include the United Kingdom Department of Health, the Scottish Government, the Welsh Assembly Government, the British Heart Foundation, and Diabetes UK.