Kufukihara, Ryohei
Tanaka, Nobuyuki http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-9167
Takamatsu, Kimiharu http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3325-6606
Niwa, Naoya
Fukumoto, Keishiro
Yasumizu, Yota http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1725-6454
Takeda, Toshikazu
Matsumoto, Kazuhiro http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9222-0999
Morita, Shinya
Kosaka, Takeo
Aimono, Eriko
Nishihara, Hiroshi
Mizuno, Ryuichi
Oya, Mototsugu
Article History
Received: 10 November 2021
Revised: 3 June 2022
Accepted: 9 June 2022
First Online: 28 June 2022
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures were performed in approval of the Research Ethics Committee of Keio University (Approval Nos.: 20180098 and 20190059) and in compliance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and present ethical standards. Both written informed consent and passive (opt-out) informed consent procedures have been applied to the experimental use of human samples. Opt-out informed consent from patients was obtained by exhibiting the research information on our department's website (Department of Urology, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan). The need to obtain written informed consent was waived if patients had finished their follow-up or had died, due to the study’s observational nature and the urgent need for cancer patient care. This was approved and reviewed by the Research Ethics Committee of Keio University, in accordance with the ethical guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects (Public Notice of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare as of July 2018; ExternalRef removed).
: Not applicable.