Reitsam, Nic G. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3158
Grozdanov, Veselin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0825-7383
Löffler, Chiara M. L.
Muti, Hannah S.
Grosser, Bianca
Kather, Jakob N.
Märkl, Bruno
Article History
Received: 3 September 2023
Revised: 24 October 2023
Accepted: 8 November 2023
First Online: 22 November 2023
Competing interests
: JNK reports consulting services for Owkin, France, Panakeia, UK, and DoMore Diagnostics, Norway, and has received honoraria for lectures by MSD, Eisai, and Fresenius; not related to this study. BM has received compensation for travel expenses and fees for advisory board activities by AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck, MSD, BMS, Bayer, and Novartis, not related to this study. The other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
: The experiments in this study are in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). Moreover, the study has been carried out according to the “Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis” (TRIPOD) statement [CitationRef removed]. Additionally, the overall analysis in this study has been approved by the Ethics Board at the Medical Faculty of Technical University Dresden (BO-EK-444102022). The patient sample collection in each cohort was separately approved by the respective institutional ethics boards.