Huang, Yu-Fen
Chiao, Ming-Tsang
Hsiao, Tzu-Hung
Zhan, Yong-Xiang
Chen, Tse-Yu http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-1867
Lee, Chung-Hsin
Liu, Szu-Yuan
Liao, Chih-Hsiang
Cheng, Wen-Yu
Yen, Chun-Ming
Lai, Chih-Ming
Chen, Jun-Peng
Shen, Chiung-Chyi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9622-7394
Yang, Meng-Yin
Article History
Received: 30 November 2023
Revised: 6 February 2024
Accepted: 8 February 2024
First Online: 28 February 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocols received approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of Taichung Veterans General Hospital (Approval number: CF17263B-4). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects or their legal guardians prior to surgery, and the collected samples were promptly frozen. The validation cohort consisted of 254 cases selected from the primary cohort based on the following criteria: (1) availability of follow-up data and samples, and (2) postoperative survival time exceeding 1 month. Between January 2010 and March 2023, tissue specimens were collected from 30 patients diagnosed with GBM. Exclusion criteria included: 1. GBM patients with unconfirmed pathology, 2. GBM patients with spinal involvement, and 3. GBM patients with incomplete data records. All methods strictly adhered to the guidelines and regulations of Taichung Veterans General Hospital and were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.