Wu, Fei
Zhang, Xiao
Wang, Minglei
Zhang, Jingxin
Chen, Minxin
Ren, Ziyuan
Wu, Meng
Song, Pingping
Yu, Jinming
Chen, Dawei
Article History
Received: 7 December 2022
Accepted: 31 October 2023
First Online: 12 December 2023
Conflict of interest
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The institutional ethics committee of Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences approved this study. The research was undertaken in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from patients in this research for the usage of surgical samples as well as their clinical information.