Jacquelot, Nicolas
Yamazaki, Takahiro
Roberti, Maria P. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-6840
Duong, Connie P. M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9067-8557
Andrews, Miles C. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1231-8641
Verlingue, Loic
Ferrere, Gladys
Becharef, Sonia
Vétizou, Marie
Daillère, Romain
Messaoudene, Meriem
Enot, David P.
Stoll, Gautier
Ugel, Stefano
Marigo, Ilaria
Foong Ngiow, Shin
Marabelle, Aurélien
Prevost-Blondel, Armelle http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7268-5905
Gaudreau, Pierre-Olivier
Gopalakrishnan, Vancheswaran
Eggermont, Alexander M.
Opolon, Paule
Klein, Christophe
Madonna, Gabriele
Ascierto, Paolo A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8322-475X
Sucker, Antje
Schadendorf, Dirk http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-7858
Smyth, Mark J. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-7240
Soria, Jean-Charles
Kroemer, Guido http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-4405
Bronte, Vincenzo
Wargo, Jennifer http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3438-7576
Zitvogel, Laurence
Article History
Received: 5 March 2019
Accepted: 5 August 2019
First Online: 3 September 2019
Competing interests
: G.K. reports grants and personal fees from Bayer Healthcare, grants from Genentech, grants from Glaxo Smyth Kline, grants and personal fees from Lytix Pharma, grants from PharmaMar, grants from Sotio, grants from Vasculox, other from Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation France, other from everImmune, other from Samsara Therapeutics, outside the submitted work. L.Z. has the following financial relationships to disclose, none of which deals with the submitted work: Scientific advisory boards at Lytix Pharma, EpiVax, NeoVax and Tusk Pharma; Administrative board: Transgene; Grant/Research support from Glaxo Smith Kline, Merus, Tusk Roche and Incyte; Founder and shareholder: everImmune. M.C.A. reports honorarium, travel support and advisory board participation from Merck, unrelated to the current work. J.W. and V.G. are inventors on a US patent application (PCT/US17/53.717) submitted by the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center that covers methods to enhance immune checkpoint blockade responses by modulating the microbiome, unrelated to this work submitted. J.W. reports compensation for speaker’s bureau and honoraria from Imedex, Dava Oncology, Omniprex, Illumina, Gilead, MedImmune and Bristol-Myers Squibb; consultant/advisory board membership for AstraZeneca, Merck, Biothera Pharmaceuticals and Microbiome DX; consultant/advisory board membership and research support from GlaxoSmithKline, Roche/Genentech, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Novartis. V.G. reports consultancy fees from MicrobiomeDX and ExpertConnect, and honoraria from ExcelCME and Kansas Society of Clinical Oncology. M.J.S. has scientific research agreements with Bristol Myers Squibb and Tizona Therapeutics and is an advisory board member for Compass Therapeutics and Tizona Therapeutics. A.M.E. declares receipt over the last 2 years of Honoraria for Scientific Advisory Boards and Data Monitoring Safety Board from the following companies: BMS, GSK, Incyte, IO Biotech, ISA-Pharmaeuticals, MedImmune, Merck-Serono, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sellas, SkylineDx. P.A.A. has/had a consulting or advisory role for BMS, Roche-Genentech, MSD, Array, Novartis, Merck Serono, Pierre Fabre, Incyte, Genmab, Newlink Genetics, Medimmune, AstraZeneca, Syndax, Sun Pharma, Sanofi, Idera, Ultimovacs. Sandoz, Immunocore. He also received research funds from BMS, Roche-Genentech, Array, and travel support from MSD. V.B. reports advisory board participation from ITeos Therapeutics Sa, Tusk Therapeutics Ltd, Io Biotech ApS, Xios Therapeutics, Codiak BioSciences. Over the last 5 years, J.-C.S. has received consultancy fees from AstraZeneca, Astex, Clovis, GSK, GamaMabs, Lilly, MSD, Mission Therapeutics, Merus, Pfizer, PharmaMar, Pierre Fabre, Roche/Genentech, Sanofi, Servier, Symphogen, and Takeda. He has been a full-time employee of MedImmune since September 2017. He is a shareholder of AstraZeneca and Gritstone. L.V. reports personal fees from Adaptherapy, personal fees from Pierre-Fabre, grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, outside the submitted work. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.