Article History
Received: 22 November 2019
Revised: 27 November 2019
Accepted: 27 November 2019
First Online: 10 December 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
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: MJS and MJM have no conflicts of interest to declare. TMSW is a part owner and receives payment as the President and Medical Director of INQUIS Clinical Research, Ltd. (formerly GI Labs, a contract research organization). He has authored or co-authored several books on the glycaemic index for which has received royalties from Phillipa Sandall Publishing Services and CABI Publishers. He has received research support, consultant fees or honoraria from or served on the scientific advisory board for Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian Diabetes Association, Dairy Farmers of Canada, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, Public Health Agency of Canada, GI Labs, GI Testing, Abbott, Proctor and Gamble, Mars Foods, McCain Foods, Bunge, Temasek Polytechnic Singapore, Northwestern University, Royal Society of London, Glycemic Index Symbol program, CreaNutrition AG, McMaster University, University of Manitoba, University of Alberta, Canadian Society for Nutritional Sciences, National Sports and Conditioning Association, Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition—Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). His wife is part owner of INQUIS and receives payment as chief financial officer.