Eshaghi, Arman http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6652-3512
Young, Alexandra L.
Wijeratne, Peter A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4885-6241
Prados, Ferran http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7872-0142
Arnold, Douglas L.
Narayanan, Sridar
Guttmann, Charles R. G.
Barkhof, Frederik http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3543-3706
Alexander, Daniel C. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-350X
Thompson, Alan J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4333-8496
Chard, Declan http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3076-2682
Ciccarelli, Olga
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Multiple Sclerosis Society (PA-1603-08175)
Article History
Received: 29 October 2020
Accepted: 9 March 2021
First Online: 6 April 2021
Change Date: 20 May 2021
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23538-6
Competing interests
: A.E. has received speaker’s honoraria from Biogen and At The Limits educational programme. He has received travel support from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society and honorarium from the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgy and Psychiatry for Editorial Commentaries. In the last 3 years D.C. has received honoraria from Excemed (2017) for faculty-led education work; had meeting expenses funded by the IMSCOGS (2019), EAN (2018), ECTRIMS (2018) and Société des Neurosciences (2017). He is a consultant for Biogen and Hoffmann-La Roche. He has received research funding from the International Progressive MS Alliance, the MS Society, and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre. He is a member of the MS Society’s Biomedical Grant Review Panel and a trustee of the MS Trust. O.C. has received research grants from the MS Society of Great Britain & Northern Ireland, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, EUH2020, Spinal Cord Research Foundation, and Rosetrees Trust. She serves as a consultant for Novartis, Teva, and Roche and has received an honorarium from the American Academy of Neurology as Associate Editor of Neurology and serves on the Editorial Board of Multiple Sclerosis Journal. CRGG has received research grants form Sanofi and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. F.B. has received compensation for consulting services and/or speaking activities from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Genzyme, Synthon BV, Roche, Teva, Jansen research and IXICO and is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at UCLH. A.J.T. has received honoraria/support for travel for consultancy from Eisai, Hoffman La Roche, Almirall, and Excemed, and support for travel for consultancy as chair of the International Progressive MS Alliance Scientific Steering Committee, and from the National MS Society (USA) as a member of the Research Programs Advisory Committee. He receives an honorarium from SAGE Publishers as Editor-in-Chief of Multiple Sclerosis. Journal and a free subscription from Elsevier as a board member for the Lancet Neurology. D.L.A. has received research grant funding and/ or personal compensation for consulting from Acorda, Adelphi, Alkermes, Biogen, Celgene, Frequency Therapeutics, Genentech, Genzyme, Hoffman-La Roche, Immuene Tolerance Network, Immunotec, MedDay, EMD Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Receptos, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, MS Society of Canada, and International Progressive MS Alliance; and holds an equity interest in NeuroRx Research. F.B., D.C.A. and A.E. hold equity stake in Queen Square Analytics. S.N. has received research funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the International Progressive MS Alliance, the Myelin Repair Foundation and Immunotec. He has received honoraria/travel support from Genentech and MedDay, and personal compensation from NeuroRx Research. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.