Andreano, Emanuele http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0088-5788
Paciello, Ida
Marchese, Silvia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-7174
Donnici, Lorena http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9153-9102
Pierleoni, Giulio http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8223-7201
Piccini, Giulia
Manganaro, Noemi http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8512-4704
Pantano, Elisa
Abbiento, Valentina
Pileri, Piero
Benincasa, Linda
Giglioli, Ginevra
Leonardi, Margherita
Maes, Piet http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4571-5232
De Santi, Concetta
Sala, Claudia
Montomoli, Emanuele
De Francesco, Raffaele http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-5123
Rappuoli, Rino http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8827-254X
Article History
Received: 4 May 2022
Accepted: 5 June 2022
First Online: 13 June 2022
Competing interests
: R.R. is an employee of the GSK group of companies. E.A., I.P., N.M., P.P., E.P., V.A., C.D.S., C.S., and R.R. are listed as inventors of full-length human monoclonal antibodies described in Italian patent applications no. 102020000015754 filed on June 30th 2020, 102020000018955 filed on August 3rd 2020, and 102020000029969 filed on 4th of December 2020, and the international patent system number PCT/IB2021/055755 filed on the 28th of June 2021. All patents were submitted by Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. R.D.F. is a consultant for Moderna on activities not related to SARS-CoV-2. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.