Hsieh, Ching-Lin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3665-5717
Leist, Sarah R. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-5381
Miller, Emily Happy
Zhou, Ling
Powers, John M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-9109
Tse, Alexandra L. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1629-6526
Wang, Albert
West, Ande
Zweigart, Mark R.
Schisler, Jonathan C. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-2783
Jangra, Rohit K.
Chandran, Kartik
Baric, Ralph S. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-8701
McLellan, Jason S. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-542X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-031624)
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI167966)
Article History
Received: 25 August 2023
Accepted: 22 January 2024
First Online: 20 February 2024
Competing interests
: C-L.H. and J.S.M. are inventors on U.S. patent application no. 63/188,813 (“stabilized S2 beta-coronavirus antigens”). S.R.L. and R.S.B. are inventors on U.S. patent application no. 11,225,508 (“Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 viruses and methods of use thereof”). R.S.B. serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Takeda, VaxArt, and Invivyd and has collaborations with Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Gilead, Chimerix, and Pardes Biosciences. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.