Woo, Sungwook http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-1426
Saka, Sinem K. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5017-379X
Xuan, Feng
Yin, Peng http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-6357
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (DP1GM133052, R01GM124401)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering’s Molecular Robotics Initiative fund
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2023-00249513)
Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation (DRG-2203-14)
Human Frontier Science Program (LT000048/2016-L)
Article History
Received: 23 February 2023
Accepted: 14 March 2024
First Online: 17 April 2024
Competing interests
: S.W., F.X. and P.Y. filed patents as inventors through Harvard College to the US Patent and Trademark Office (Pub. No. US11286517B2 & App. No. US20220348990A1), to the European Patent Office (Pub. Nos. EP3916107B1, EP4239079A3 and EP3417078B1), to the World Intellectual Property Organization (Pub. No. WO2017143006A1), to the Japan Patent Office (Pub. No. JP7085999B2), and to the China National Intellectual Property Administration (Pub. Nos. CN108779486B & CN116949140A), which contain the basic mechanism of the crawler operation. S.K.S. is a consulting scientific co-founder of Digital Biology Inc. F.X. is a co-founder of Spear Bio Inc. P.Y. is a co-founder of Ultivue Inc., Spear Bio Inc., and Digital Biology Inc. The authors declare no other competing interests.