Kuraji, Ryutaro http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-3604
Ye, Changchang http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-0809
Zhao, Chuanjiang
Gao, Li http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3818-4218
Martinez, April http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8276-3149
Miyashita, Yukihiro http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7628-7237
Radaic, Allan http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0899-9061
Kamarajan, Pachiyappan
Le, Charles
Zhan, Ling
Range, Helene
Sunohara, Masataka http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9196-2157
Numabe, Yukihiro http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-9861
Kapila, Yvonne L. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1330-0654
Article History
Received: 17 April 2023
Accepted: 2 January 2024
First Online: 17 January 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The animal experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the guidelines of Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE)<sup>139</sup> and the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of California, San Francisco (IACUC approval number: AN171564-01B). The aspect of the study involving human specimens, including the use of radiographic images was approved by the Human Research Committee of Nippon Dental University (no. NDU-T2021-17). The human Japanese cadavers donated by the Department of Anatomy of the Nippon Dental University were obtained from a donor-based system using the guidelines included in the Law Concerning Body Donation for Medical and Dental Education (the Body Donation Law) and the Law Concerning Cadaver Dissection and Preservation (LCCDP).